Experience & background

Curriculum vitae

Nirmal Pol · Biomedical engineering & surgical robotics

Skills

Programming:

Python, C/C++, ROS 2, CMake, Docker, Apptainer/Singularity, Git

Robot Platforms:

Franka FR3, Stäubli TX2-60L, da Vinci research kit (dVRK)

Frameworks & Libraries:

PyTorch, OpenCV, JAX, NumPy, SciPy, MuJoCo

Prototyping:

3D printing, CAD (SolidWorks, Fusion 360)

Education

2022-Present

PhD Candidate, Biomedical Engineering

University of Toronto
2021-2022

MEng, Biomedical Engineering

University of Toronto (GPA: 4.0)
2016-2021

BASc, Engineering Science (Minor: Robotics)

University of Toronto (GPA: 3.6)

Experience

Sept 2022-Present

Graduate Research Assistant (PhD)

University of Toronto | MEDCVR Lab
  • End-Effector Design & Simulation: Designed and prototyped a dexterous surgical end-effector with remote center-of-motion mechanics using SolidWorks and Fusion 360.
  • Robotic Control Implementation: Developed robotic action policies using imitation learning and reinforcement learning concepts in MuJoCo, deploying them to physical robots via ROS 2.
  • Perception for Manipulation: Trained 3D CNNs to estimate 8 DoF tool pose under imaging artifacts, enabling robust closed-loop control (Published in IEEE RA-L, exp. ICRA 2026).
  • Multi-Modal Sensor Fusion: Engineered real-time pipelines fusing 3D OCT sensing and stereo endoscope videos for autonomous tissue manipulation.
May 2022-Aug 2022

Photonics, X-Ray, Imaging Intern

Triple Ring Technologies
  • Designed and developed scientific computing platform using ThreeJS for medical device sterilization simulations.
  • Developed user/web requirements for cloud-based simulation configuration interface.
Jan 2021-Sept 2021

Smart Systems Intern

Clinical Informatics, Mackenzie Vaughan Hospital
  • Provided clinicians with one-on-one support with the Go Live process at Canada's first smart hospital.
  • Supported staff with the use of EPIC EMR and other smart system technology installed at Cortelluci Vaughan Hospital (Rover, Vocera, EPIC, MyCare, Hillrom Centrella Beds).
Apr 2019-Aug 2020

Research and Development Engineer Intern

Mackenzie Innovation Institute, Mackenzie Health Hospital
  • Built and trained a machine learning network to predict hospital bed cleaning requirements 2 hours in advance to optimize processes.
May 2018-July 2018

Engineering Research Assistant

National University of Singapore
  • Completed the pressure subsystem of a nanoimprinter device to create nanochannels in polymers for DNA/biomedical analysis.
  • Developed test plans and troubleshooting strategies to eliminate safety concerns (e.g., electrical hazards) for the device.

Teaching Assistant (TA)

Fundamentals of Robotics (CSC376)

University of Toronto

Head TA in 2026, with three years of TA experience. Delivered a lecture on inverse kinematics.

  • Basic methodologies, tools, and concepts including robot manipulators, kinematics, motion planning, and control.
  • Implementation in a practical environment using robots from different application domains.

Introduction to Medical Robotics (CSC379)

University of Toronto
  • Application driven perspective of medical robotics, including surgical robotics.
  • Computer-assisted methods: treatment planning, patient registration, human-robot interaction, robot control and task execution.

Introduction to Computer Science (CSC148)

University of Toronto
  • Abstract data types, data structures (linked lists), encapsulation, information-hiding, and object-oriented programming.
  • Specifications, analyzing program efficiency, and recursion.

Introduction to Mobile Robotics (CSC477)

University of Toronto

Delivered lectures on particle filters as a teaching assistant.

  • Covers computational foundations of mobile robotics including probabilistic reasoning, state estimation, and path planning.
  • Focuses on algorithms for optimization, inference mechanisms, and autonomous behavior strategies.

Robot Foundations and Programming for Biomedical Applications (BME1530)

University of Toronto

Head TA (May–August 2025).

  • Foundational concepts: forward and inverse kinematics, dynamics, trajectory generation, motion planning.
  • Applications: biomedical lab automation, robot-assisted surgery, mobile and service robots.

Publications

SuMI: Zero-Shot Policy Transfer between Different Robots with Wristed Instruments for Minimally Invasive Surgery

Nirmal Pol*, Radian Gondokaryono*, Puspita Triana Dewi, Fata A. Niazi, Jones Law, Kashfia Mahmood, Lueder A. Kahrs
Manuscript under review (2026)

OCT Imaging for Pose Estimation and Feedback Control of an Articulated Magnetic Surgical Tool

Erik Fredin*, Nirmal Pol*, Anton Zaliznyi, Dmytro Fishman, Eric Diller, Lueder A. Kahrs
Robotics and Automation Letters (RAL) (2025)

Estimating the Joint Angles of an Articulated Microrobotic Instrument using Optical Coherence Tomography

Erik Fredin*, Nirmal Pol*, Anton Zaliznyi*, Eric Diller, Lueder A. Kahrs
International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR) (2024)

Pose Measurement of the EndoWrist Round Tip Scissor Instrument with Optical Coherence Tomography

Sandra Schoene, Nirmal Pol, Lueder A. Kahrs
Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering, vol 9 (2023)

Refereed Abstracts

Automated Segmentation of Retinoblastoma from Optical Coherence Tomography Images

Nirmal Pol, Bhadra Pandya, Joshua Craig, Jane Walter, Lueder A. Kahrs, Ashwin Mallipatna
Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) (2024)

Honors & Awards

July 2025

Best Poster Runner Up Award

Toronto Robotics Conference
(Poster) Advancing Micro-Surgical Robot Control with Optical Coherence Tomography
Mar 2025

BIGDataAIHUB Case Competition Award (2nd Place)

Scotiabank | Institute for Management & Innovation (IMI) | University of Toronto
Built ML models to investigate money laundering (Scotia Bank data); 2nd place out of 70+ teams.
Sept 2024

Ontario Graduate Scholarship

School of Graduate Studies, UofT
Prestigious merit-based scholarship for academic excellence and research potential.
Aug 2023

Wildcat Graduate Scholarship

Institute of Biomedical Engineering, UofT
Acknowledged for exceptional academic merit and active community engagement.
June 2023

Garron Family Cancer Centre Research Award (2nd Place)

SickKids Hospital
Recognized for automated retinoblastoma image analysis workflow in OCT images.
Apr 2023

NSERC CREATE in Healthcare Robotics (HeRo) Scholarship

NSERC | University of Toronto
Trainee under NSERC HeRo program, reflecting promise in interdisciplinary robotics and AI.

Leadership & Service

2026

Organizer, Forceps-Based Fine Manipulation Challenge

IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2026)
  • I helped organize a hands-on challenge that brought people together to explore the precision of teleoperated robotic instruments, through needle threading and M2 bolt pick-and-place.
Mar 2017-Aug 2018

Python Instructor and Curriculum Developer

Project Include
  • Designed various programming curriculum for students varying between ages of 9-20 and successfully taught the fundamentals of Python to inspire their interest in coding.
  • Hired 4 new instructors and gave guidance for improving their in-class teaching skills and experiences.
  • Demonstrated strong leadership qualities by providing ideas and suggestions to other instructors/coordinators to help them improve their teaching experiences in the classroom.