Experience & background
Curriculum vitae
Nirmal Pol · Biomedical engineering & surgical robotics
Skills
Programming:
Python, C/C++, ROS 2, CMake, Docker, Apptainer/Singularity, Git
Robot Platforms:
Franka FR3, Stäubli TX2-60L, da Vinci research kit (dVRK)
Frameworks & Libraries:
PyTorch, OpenCV, JAX, NumPy, SciPy, MuJoCo
Prototyping:
3D printing, CAD (SolidWorks, Fusion 360)
Education
2022-Present
PhD Candidate, Biomedical Engineering
University of Toronto
2021-2022
MEng, Biomedical Engineering
University of Toronto (GPA: 4.0)
2016-2021
BASc, Engineering Science (Minor: Robotics)
University of Toronto (GPA: 3.6)
Experience
Sept 2022-Present
Graduate Research Assistant (PhD)
University of Toronto | MEDCVR Lab
- End-Effector Design & Simulation: Designed and prototyped a dexterous surgical end-effector with remote center-of-motion mechanics using SolidWorks and Fusion 360.
- Robotic Control Implementation: Developed robotic action policies using imitation learning and reinforcement learning concepts in MuJoCo, deploying them to physical robots via ROS 2.
- Perception for Manipulation: Trained 3D CNNs to estimate 8 DoF tool pose under imaging artifacts, enabling robust closed-loop control (Published in IEEE RA-L, exp. ICRA 2026).
- Multi-Modal Sensor Fusion: Engineered real-time pipelines fusing 3D OCT sensing and stereo endoscope videos for autonomous tissue manipulation.
May 2022-Aug 2022
Photonics, X-Ray, Imaging Intern
Triple Ring Technologies
- Designed and developed scientific computing platform using ThreeJS for medical device sterilization simulations.
- Developed user/web requirements for cloud-based simulation configuration interface.
Jan 2021-Sept 2021
Smart Systems Intern
Clinical Informatics, Mackenzie Vaughan Hospital
- Provided clinicians with one-on-one support with the Go Live process at Canada's first smart hospital.
- Supported staff with the use of EPIC EMR and other smart system technology installed at Cortelluci Vaughan Hospital (Rover, Vocera, EPIC, MyCare, Hillrom Centrella Beds).
Apr 2019-Aug 2020
Research and Development Engineer Intern
Mackenzie Innovation Institute, Mackenzie Health Hospital
- Built and trained a machine learning network to predict hospital bed cleaning requirements 2 hours in advance to optimize processes.
May 2018-July 2018
Engineering Research Assistant
National University of Singapore
- Completed the pressure subsystem of a nanoimprinter device to create nanochannels in polymers for DNA/biomedical analysis.
- Developed test plans and troubleshooting strategies to eliminate safety concerns (e.g., electrical hazards) for the device.
Teaching Assistant (TA)
Fundamentals of Robotics (CSC376)
University of Toronto
Head TA in 2026, with three years of TA experience. Delivered a lecture on inverse kinematics.
- Basic methodologies, tools, and concepts including robot manipulators, kinematics, motion planning, and control.
- Implementation in a practical environment using robots from different application domains.
Introduction to Medical Robotics (CSC379)
University of Toronto
- Application driven perspective of medical robotics, including surgical robotics.
- Computer-assisted methods: treatment planning, patient registration, human-robot interaction, robot control and task execution.
Introduction to Computer Science (CSC148)
University of Toronto
- Abstract data types, data structures (linked lists), encapsulation, information-hiding, and object-oriented programming.
- Specifications, analyzing program efficiency, and recursion.
Introduction to Mobile Robotics (CSC477)
University of Toronto
Delivered lectures on particle filters as a teaching assistant.
- Covers computational foundations of mobile robotics including probabilistic reasoning, state estimation, and path planning.
- Focuses on algorithms for optimization, inference mechanisms, and autonomous behavior strategies.
Robot Foundations and Programming for Biomedical Applications (BME1530)
University of Toronto
Head TA (May–August 2025).
- Foundational concepts: forward and inverse kinematics, dynamics, trajectory generation, motion planning.
- Applications: biomedical lab automation, robot-assisted surgery, mobile and service robots.
Publications
SuMI: Zero-Shot Policy Transfer between Different Robots with Wristed Instruments for Minimally Invasive Surgery
Nirmal Pol*, Radian Gondokaryono*, Puspita Triana Dewi, Fata A. Niazi, Jones Law, Kashfia Mahmood, Lueder A. Kahrs
Manuscript under review (2026)
OCT Imaging for Pose Estimation and Feedback Control of an Articulated Magnetic Surgical Tool
Erik Fredin*, Nirmal Pol*, Anton Zaliznyi, Dmytro Fishman, Eric Diller, Lueder A. Kahrs
Robotics and Automation Letters (RAL) (2025)
Estimating the Joint Angles of an Articulated Microrobotic Instrument using Optical Coherence Tomography
Erik Fredin*, Nirmal Pol*, Anton Zaliznyi*, Eric Diller, Lueder A. Kahrs
International Symposium on Medical Robotics (ISMR) (2024)
Pose Measurement of the EndoWrist Round Tip Scissor Instrument with Optical Coherence Tomography
Sandra Schoene, Nirmal Pol, Lueder A. Kahrs
Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering, vol 9 (2023)
Refereed Abstracts
Automated Segmentation of Retinoblastoma from Optical Coherence Tomography Images
Nirmal Pol, Bhadra Pandya, Joshua Craig, Jane Walter, Lueder A. Kahrs, Ashwin Mallipatna
Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) (2024)
Honors & Awards
July 2025
Best Poster Runner Up Award
Toronto Robotics Conference
(Poster) Advancing Micro-Surgical Robot Control with Optical Coherence Tomography
Mar 2025
BIGDataAIHUB Case Competition Award (2nd Place)
Scotiabank | Institute for Management & Innovation (IMI) | University of Toronto
Built ML models to investigate money laundering (Scotia Bank data); 2nd place out of 70+ teams.
Sept 2024
Ontario Graduate Scholarship
School of Graduate Studies, UofT
Prestigious merit-based scholarship for academic excellence and research potential.
Aug 2023
Wildcat Graduate Scholarship
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, UofT
Acknowledged for exceptional academic merit and active community engagement.
June 2023
Garron Family Cancer Centre Research Award (2nd Place)
SickKids Hospital
Recognized for automated retinoblastoma image analysis workflow in OCT images.
Apr 2023
NSERC CREATE in Healthcare Robotics (HeRo) Scholarship
NSERC | University of Toronto
Trainee under NSERC HeRo program, reflecting promise in interdisciplinary robotics and AI.
Leadership & Service
2026
Organizer, Forceps-Based Fine Manipulation Challenge
IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2026)
- I helped organize a hands-on challenge that brought people together to explore the precision of teleoperated robotic instruments, through needle threading and M2 bolt pick-and-place.
Mar 2017-Aug 2018
Python Instructor and Curriculum Developer
Project Include
- Designed various programming curriculum for students varying between ages of 9-20 and successfully taught the fundamentals of Python to inspire their interest in coding.
- Hired 4 new instructors and gave guidance for improving their in-class teaching skills and experiences.
- Demonstrated strong leadership qualities by providing ideas and suggestions to other instructors/coordinators to help them improve their teaching experiences in the classroom.